January 18

Home-Field Advantage

In the world of sports there are many factors that can determine the outcome of an event, the biggest most obvious factor being the skill level of the competitors. However there are psychological factors that affect the players on both sides. Home field advantage is a term that is usually coined when it comes to professional sports, I will be making an argument that home field advantage can have a devastating effect on the outcome of North American games. After doing some research I found the 3 biggest factors in home field advantage are; 1.Location, 2.Physical discrepancies of the field/ice and 3.Referees. The four major sports/leagues in North America are; the NFL, NHL, NBA and Major League Baseball. These are the four sports that North Americans get the most excited for meaning they support their team more passionately and enthusiastically.
Some of the most enthusiastic fans are located in Seattle, Washington. Home of the; Seattle Seahawks (NFL) and Seattle Mariners (Major League Baseball.) Seattle is a prime example of the location element when it comes to home field advantage. The city of Seattle is located in the pacific northwest, a 12.5 hour drive from the closest city that has a professional team. The isolation of Seattle fans means that there are more fans in a close area and that the people have nothing else to see except for their home team. When there are less teams around for people to support it means that the fans are more passionate about the only team. The Seattle Seahawks are a professional football team, their fans are notoriously loud, passionate and sometimes rowdy. This was proven to be the case in the 2013 season when Seattle fans broke the sound record at a sporting stadium, they reached a whopping 137.6 decibels crushing the previous record that was set at 115 decibels at a cricket match in India. Weather is another big decider of the game, teams that are located in colder areas of the country and have to play outdoors tend to do better at home than teams that are located in warmer climates. In both the NFL and Major League Baseball the “colder” teams tend to have more passionate fans too because they are willing to risk the cold in order to support their team.
One of the more unfair aspects of Major League Baseball is the physical discrepancies of the different stadiums. There are no set rules for the dimensions of the baseball diamond, there are only guidelines that teams have to follow. This causes for different teams to have differently shaped stadiums some teams have bigger fields others have smaller. The Boston Red Sox are a professional baseball team, their stadium is famous for having “the green monster.” The green monster is not their mascot, it’s their advantage when it comes to playing baseball. In Red Sox stadium has a massive wall that stretches the length of left field, the wall is 37 feet high making it much harder to hit homeruns in Boston. In the NFL, NBA and NHL there are specific rules that make it so teams can’t have physical discrepancies throughout the league. However according to “Two Minute Warning.com” teams tend to get more wins at home as the season progresses. This is because by the end of the season teams have gotten used to their stadium/arenas by practicing and playing their all year. This is most prevalent in the NHL where hockey teams have more chance to get a feel for their home ice because of the long schedule and proximity to the boards, glass etc. The boards are a big factor in hockey games, players learn where the softer boards with more give are and try not to check the other team there but rather try to check them into the harder boarders with less give, the players also get a feel for the bounces that the puck has. It’s also just common sense, the more you play in an area, the more familiarity you have with it.
“Home teams essentially get slightly preferential treatment from the officials, whether it’s a called third strike in baseball or, in soccer, a foul that results in a penalty kick.” According to Stephen Dubner from “Freakanomics.com” the referees have a large role in determining the outcome of the game. Dubner argues that officials have a slight bias when it comes to the home team. According to Dubner there is psychological effect on the referees. People tend to want to fit it, conformity is an issue that people have historically struggled with and is still an issue today. The officials at a game will want to favor the home team because they want to please the crowd. The people that are the most abused at a sporting event are not the players getting tackled or body checked, it’s the refs who take the most verbal abuse from the fans, coaches and sometimes players. Sometimes things can really get out of control and the officials can get physically harmed. At an amateur soccer game in Brazil a referee got murdered by the fans because he gave a red card to a player. The fans rushed the field and decapitated him, they finished by putting his head on a steak and sticking it into the ground. According to “The Fix is In.com” NHL home-teams had 20% fewer penalties called on them, in the NBA home teams shoot more free throws than the away team, in the NFL home-teams have less penalties called on them. Why is there such a large amount of favoritism in professional sporting events? I would argue that teams who are encouraged by their fans tend to play better, take fewer penalties and argue more with the refs. The teams that want the win more than the opposition always play better and usually win the game.

December 18

How Macbeth Killed 22 People

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On May 10,1849; 22 people were killed by state militia troops just outside of the Astor Place Opera House. The riot was the cause of a great rivalry between two Shakespearean actors, one of them being; Englishmen, William Charles Macready and the other being; American, Edwin Forrest. This rivalry started during one of Macready’s tours through England in the 1830’s. Edwin Forrest attended one of Macready’s performances and hissed at Macready while he was on stage. This was considered to be very rude at the time so a big scandal was made of it. In the end Macready ended up forgetting about it; however, the rivalry continued on throughout both of these actors’ lives.

Since Shakespeare was so popular during this time his work influenced a lot of people’s opinions on politics and life in general. For this reason the rivalry between Macready and Forrest influenced their fans. Macready was considered to represent the upper middle class and high class people of the time while Forrest represented the average working class American people. It was the hatred between these two classes that the Astor Place Riot occurred.

On May 7, 1849 Macready, (who was on his last tour in America because he was going to retire from acting) was set to perform a world famous play entitled: Macbeth, by William Shakespeare. The performance was scheduled to take place in the greatest opera house in New York; the Astor Place Opera House, little did Macready know; over twenty working class citizens had purchased tickets for his show later that night. Fast forward to the beginning of Macready’s performance of Macbeth; as Macready is walking out on stage the Edwin Forrest supporters started slowly and steadily stomping on the ground. Of course the action of stomping on the ground creates a low rumbling sound so that Macready had a hard time performing his soliloquy. But Macready still decided to keep performing over top of the noise. This made the people mad so they started hissing and booing him, making it very hard to continue on through his performance. Towards the end of the performance the people started throwing food and drinks at Macready so he decided not to finish the performance and walked off stage where he escaped through a back door to get away from the theatre. He later said that he would not continue his tour throughout America and immediately return to his home in England never to return to America. Soon after the announcement a petition was signed by 47 people that convinced Macready to try and perform Macbeth once again. People started putting up posters advertising Macready’s performance this was soon followed by other people putting up posters advertising Forrest’s performance of the play: “Gladiator,” at a theatre across town from the Astor Place Opera House.

When it came time for the Opera House to open police had already shown up expecting that something was going to happen.  The police only allowed ticket holders inside so there would be no trouble. After everyone had gone inside, had taken their seats and the show was about to begin, they shut the doors, barricaded them and also barricaded the windows. After the show began a crowd of around 10,000 to 15,000 people had formed outside of the Opera House. Almost immediately the crowd became restless and started getting violent by throwing stones at the Opera House and knocking down street lights. When the police got worried about an attack on Macready himself they started arresting a few of the crowd members as a warning to the other rioters. But instead of calming the crowd down they are incited even further and they became even more violent. Meanwhile in the Opera House; Macready decides to leave the stage and leave his performance incomplete. He supposedly sneaks out a back entry way disguised as a police officer on horseback. The rioters eventually got so angry and so violent the commanding officer of police gives the order to fire blank rounds over the crowds head hoping to scare them off.  But because the crowd realizes the rounds are only blanks things just become even more out of control. Eventually the crowd got so bad the order was given to fire at rioters point blank. Even though the officers did carry out the orders, they did so unwillingly and shot at them low so they would only injure and not kill. Once the dust had settled casualties were reported at; 22 and over 100 more were injured, including officers hit by stones. There was still some bad blood however and protests started the day after the massacre which included bonfires and still more riots broke out, but none as severe as the Astor Place riot.

Macready decided not to continue his tour through America but instead got back to England as soon as possible so he could finish his last tour there. He retired his role of Macbeth in 1851 and then died 22 years later. This quote from William Shakespeare sums up the end of Macready’s life quite well: “And this, our life, exempt from public haunt, finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, sermons in stones, and good in everything.”

Forrest however had his reputation tarnished by this whole event and ended up filing for a divorce against his wife. He spent his last days in his mansion where he died only a couple of months before Macready.  The gloomy end to Forrest’s life reminds me of Macbeth, ironically the great Shakespearean play that his rival performed so well.

October 15

Under The Bridge

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The summer of 2004 was hot. I was only eight years old, my family and I had made the annual trip down to Iowa to visit our extended family; the Korporals. My mother was born in Iowa and grew up on the family farm before moving up to Calgary with my father. Every year our little family of four makes the two day trek down to the states to visit with the in-laws and chat with old family friends. My sister and I always look forward to this one and a half month trip because it means hanging out with our favorite cousins on the farm. The Korporal family farm in Tripoli, Iowa is one of the greatest places on earth, all of the outside world fades away and the rules of the law do not apply to whomever sets foot on Korporal property. The illegal shenanigans started when I was only 10, I started driving the old Jeep to and fro even venturing into town once in a while. We always set off fireworks on the weekends even though Iowa state law forbids the use of fireworks. Guns were shot without the proper license, the first time I ever shot a gun was when I was 6 or 7. This may sound like a dangerous place, on the contrary, living out in the country just meant an added amount of freedom and adventure to our dull and repetitive lives. My cousin, Ryan, is one of my greatest friends, he is three years older than me and has always been very influential in my life. Between the long talks before bed and the crazy games we would play in the barn, Ryan and I have built a very strong and close friendship. On this particular day: July 23rd, 2004, I was the one doing the influencing, which is probably why we got in so much trouble.

I remember the day being especially hot, maybe even record setting. The heat was intimidating, it threatened to melt us like cheese in a microwave. It was the kind of heat that seemed thick and wet, the humidity levels were crazy high. If you’ve ever experienced a humid temperature you know how the air seems to weigh down on your shoulders like a couple of sweaty, lazy elephants. We would have done anything to cool ourselves down, so we started brainstorming the best and most fun way to escape the heat. In the nearby town of Sumner, there was a great pool with a waterslide, diving boards and even a lazy river. This seemed like the perfect way to cool down, so we hopped in Ryan’s old pickup and drove into town so we could jump into the pool. Of course, the pool was closed. I remember being so angry, steam was probably coming off my cherry red face, the anger probably just heated me up even more. Maybe it was the anger that prompted me to make that bad decision.

One of the benefits of living on a farm means having a lot of privacy, but just because you live in the country doesn’t mean you are free of neighbors. In our case that was quite the opposite, the neighbors name was; Mr. Pritchert. He was a stubborn old man who probably hated happiness, his  scowl was permanently etched onto his face and his glasses always sat a few inches up on his nose. We called him; Wrinkle, the name is pretty self-explanatory. There was a gravel road that connected the two farms but it also separated the Korporal land from the Pritchert land. A creek flowed through the Pritchert land and at one point flowed parallel to the gravel road that separated the properties. When the road turned onto Wrinkles farm there was a bridge that connected him to the outside world, it was big enough to hold massive farm machinery and tractors but relatively narrow and small. Right by the bridge was an area of the creek that deepened and turned into a swimming hole, I would say it was about eight or nine feet deep.

While we were driving back from Sumner the idea hit me; “Let’s go down to the creek by the Pritchert bridge there, that would be the perfect place to swim!” I tried to convince Ryan that my idea was flawless.

“I don’t know.” he replied “what if we get caught by Wrinkle, he would kill us!”

“Who cares, we could park right by right by the road, if we had to we could make a quick escape.” I was begging him at this point.

After some more persuasive smooth talking, he finally gave in and we started down the gravel road to the bridge. When we arrived at the bridge we were stopped by a locked gate and a sign that read: “No Trespassing! Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted.” Ryan parked the pickup on the side of the road and we jumped the gate on foot, ignoring the sign completely. It was a two-minute walk down to the creek, there was no time to waste so we ran. I remember ripping off my shirt and jumping immediately into the swimming hole. As I hit the water the ice cold temperature of the creek provided immediate relief from the heat of the day. By the time we got to the creek it was pushing 2pm and the peak temperature had set in, probably around 95 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Ryan jumped in right behind me, almost landing on my head. We had a blast, it’s probably one of the most amazing times we have ever had together. The two of us swam and played in that creek for a good two or three hours having the time of our lives. For an eight year old life could not be any better, until we heard a car coming up the road. Ryan grabbed me by the arm and pulled me under the bridge with him, I don’t think he was as scared as I was but I could tell that he was panicking. We crawled up the side of the creek bank and tucked ourselves in between the bottom of the bridge and the soft dirt on the ground. I remember trying to squeeze in as much as humanly possible, I could barely breath. That’s when we heard the car pull onto the bridge and stop, the door opened and then slammed.

At this point of the day the heat had dissipated the shade under the bridge provided even more relief from the hot day yet I was still sweating like a pig. We saw Wrinkle poke his head over top of the bridge, he was staring at the water rushing down the creek. Trapped and scared, I started to shake. The minutes seemed to drag on like hours, and just when it seemed like he was about to leave we heard his old scraggly voice yell at us asking what he were doing there. I froze, that was the moment I realized how much trouble we were about to get in. Ryan got up and made his way out into the sunlight, Wrinkle recognized him and asked again what we were doing there. Ryan answered and then told me to get up and come out, Wrinkle didn’t recognize me so he asked who I was. I told him that I was just visiting from Canada and that I was sorry. He only seemed to get angrier and mumbled something to himself. Ryan and I slowly made our way up to the bridge where Wrinkle told us to get in his old Buick so he could drive us home. As we drove up the gravel road the car was deathly silent, I thought for sure that I was going to jail. When we got back to the Korporals farm my parents read me the riot act and ordered me to apologize to both Ryan and Mr. Pritchet.

In the moment I obviously regretted my actions and wished I could take it all back, but as I remember the way Ryan and I became even closer after our little adventure, I don’t have any regrets. Ryan and I had always been natural friends but after that moment we only became closer. When I remember all of the trouble we got into as boys, I wonder if we would be as close as we are now without all of the mischief that we raised. It goes to show that not all negative experiences turn out to be negative in the long run. Maybe breaking the law with someone is the best way to strengthen a relationship.

-Brad M.

September 30

I Am From

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My heritage is a loving combination of two enemies. My grandparents met and married in the 1940’s, the time of most conflict between their two nations. The grandmother hales from north eastern Germany, she spent her childhood in a war torn Germany and only went to school until grade nine. My grandfather, however was well educated and was born in Omaha, Nebraska. Both my grandparents have deep roots in Germany and I have recently found out that my early ancestors were ruthless Vikings! My grandfather was an American citizen but decided to move back to Germany in 1941 before World War Two ended, this is when he met my grandmother. My grandfather was only 15 when he moved back and was drafted into Hitler’s youth a year after he arrived in Germany. My grandfather fought in World War 2 for a year, meanwhile my grandmother was living in Cologne, Germany having to survive relentless air attacks from the Americans. My grandmother lived in an area where lots of factories and industrial areas were, this was a less than ideal location because the Americans targeted the German infrastructure in order to slow down the production of weapons.

In 2010 I had the opportunity to go back to Germany with my grandmother, Allette. We went back to the same area where she grew up in rural northeastern Germany and to the house in Cologne where she survived World War Two. She told endless stories of the war time and I listened to every word, fascinated at the bravery of a woman who I had seen as a feeble old “Oma” for most of my life. One story in particular stood out to me; towards the end of World War 2 the bombing became even more frequent and deadly as Hitler dropped defenses on the Eastern Front. Allette was forced to leave Cologne and go back north to the place she was born. She told me how her father and her rode a couple of bikes back north having to leave everything behind. She remembers having to hide in the ditches alongside the road as the Nazi’s drove tanks and armed vehicles down the road they were biking on. Needless to say it was a very emotional return to the place war had affected so many.

As World War 2 came to a close my grandfather was still in the German army as an American citizen. When the Americans defeated the Nazi’s they forced all the German soldiers into concentration camps around Germany, my grandfather was one of those soldiers. He tried to explain that he was an American citizen to the American soldiers but they did not believe him. He eventually got ahold of my grandmother’s father who made the trip down to the camp he was being held so he could vouch for my grandfather. He was eventually set free and then had to make the decision to either move back to North America or stay in Germany with my grandmother. My grandfather chose to move back to the country where he was born leaving my grandmother in a bad situation, she was a German trying to get into the U.S.A. right after World War 2. They found a way in which she could get into America, get married. So right before my grandfather left for the land of the free he got married to my grandmother. It took a few months for my Oma to get her visa but she eventually moved to Iowa where my Opa was waiting for her. They moved to a farm in rural Iowa and started the Korporal Dairy Farm. My Opa was a renowned inventor and created a few things that made farming a little more efficient for them. Unfortunately my Opa developed Parkinson’s disease and passed away one year before I was born. I never had the chance to meet this incredible man but his legacy will live on in my mind forever.